Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are the most efficient devices invented for conversion of chemical fuels directly into electrical power. Originally the basic ideas and materials were proposed by Nernst and his colleagues in Gottingen at the end of the nineteenth century and considerable advances in theory and experiment are still being made over 100 years later.In simple words, SOFCs contains a solid oxide electrolyte made from a ceramic such as Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) which acts as a conductor of oxide ions at temperatures from 600 to 1000°C. This ceramic material allows oxygen atoms to be reduced on its porous cathode surface by electrons, thu sbeing converted into oxide ions, which are then transported through the ceramic body to a fuel-rich porous anode zone where the oxide ions can react, say with hydrogen, giving up electrons to an external circuit. Only five components are needed to put such a cell together: electrolyte, anode,cathode and two ...